Prescription Drugs: Information and Top 30 Products

Medicine is substance or a composition presented as having curative or preventive properties with regard to diseases. It may be used for the purpose of establishing a medical diagnosis or restoring, correcting or modifying physiological functions by exercising a pharmacological, immunological or metabolic action.

Whether over-the-counter (OTC) or requiring prescription (Rx drugs), medicines meet the same safety and quality requirements. The quality of the drug is ensured at all stages of its life, from its conception to its dispensation. A chain of responsibilities in which pharmacists play an essential role (development, production, distribution, dispensation, pharmacovigilance, etc.).

Compulsory medical prescription drugs are included on a specific list. The pharmacist can only dispense them on presentation of a doctor’s prescription. These medicines are packaged in boxes marked “prescription only”.

Medicines are included on a list and therefore subject to compulsory prescription as soon as they are:

dangerous substances presenting a direct or indirect risk to health (example: psychotropic drugs, narcotic drugs, etc.),
medicines which may directly or indirectly present a health hazard,
medicines containing substances the activity or adverse effects of which require medical supervision,
any other product or substance presenting direct or indirect risks to health.

Prescription drugs are subject to the same quality controls and receive attention from manufacturers and health authorities.

What a prescription contains

During a consultation with a general practitioner or specialist, a healthcare professional can prescribe medication.

To do so, he or she must issue a prescription to a patient specifying precisely:

names of the drugs;
a prescribed dose;
a number of doses per day;
duration of treatment.

The duration of treatment prescribed on a prescription is maximum 1 year. For certain drugs, a doctor has the obligation to limit the prescription to a given period. This is particularly the case for anxiety medication and sleeping pills (2 to 12 weeks). Prescription allows dispensing of necessary drugs from a pharmacist. If they are on the list of reimbursable medicines, part of their cost can be covered by health insurance.

Period of validity of a prescription

Generally, a patient has a maximum of 3 months, from the date of prescription by the healthcare professional, to go to the pharmacy and get the drugs. After this date, the medical prescription is not valid and no medication can be dispensed.

It is necessary to present an original or a duplicate of a prescription to obtain drugs in pharmacies.

A pharmacist takes care of indicating on the original prescription the following data:

a date of issue;
a quantity of drugs dispensed;
a total amount of drugs dispensed;
a portion covered by health insurance.

Please note, in certain special cases (narcotic drugs and similar), it is necessary to present the prescription to a pharmacist within 3 days of the prescription date, so that it can be filled in its entirety.

Renewal of the prescription

It is essential to keep the original prescription since it allows the prescribed treatment to be followed precisely, but to be renewed, according to the wishes of the doctor. The latter has the possibility of providing for the renewal of the duration of treatment by period of 1 month to 3 months within the limit of 1 year maximum. This possibility must be clearly written on the prescription.

My Canadian Pharmacy also invites you to read more about prescription drugs in Canadian pharmacies and offers exhaustive information on the subject. Follow the links to learn more:

Top 30 Prescription Products from Canadian Pharmacies

Albuterol

Albuterol is a bronchodilator that relaxes the muscles of the airways and increases the flow of air into the patient’s lungs. The drug mainly affects beta2 receptors which predominate in the smooth muscles of bronchi (respiratory tubes). Albuterol is used to treat or prevent bronchospasm in people with reversible obstructive airways disease.

Each inhalation canister provides 200 inhalations. It is recommended to clean the inhaler before use for the first time and in cases where the inhaler has not been used for more than 2 weeks. Release at least four aerosols into the air, moving the inhaler away from the face.

Albuterol (inhalation) is intended for use by adults and children from 4 years old. Active ingredient is salbutamol. Salbutamol is most often supplied in the form of oral metered-dose inhalers and tablets of 2 mg, 4 mg or 8 mg each.

Indications to use summary:

Prevention and relief of bronchospasm in bronchial asthma, symptomatic treatment of bronchial obstructive syndrome (chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, etc.), nocturnal asthma (prolonged tablet form), prevention of premature birth.

Advair

Advair contains a combination of fluticasone and salmeterol. Fluticasone is a steroid that prevents the release of substances in organism causing inflammation. Salmeterol is a bronchodilator. It works by relaxing the muscles in the airways to improve breathing.

In people with COPD, Advair is intended for long-term treatment. In people with asthma, this medicine is intended for short-term treatment until the symptoms are well controlled by other drugs. Advair is intended for adults and children who are at least 4 years old. Advair is intended for adults and children who are at least 12 years old.

Indications to use summary:

Advair is used to prevent asthmatic attacks. It is also used to prevent outbreaks or worsening of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) associated with chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema.

Acyclovir

Acyclovir is an antiviral drug and a synthetic analogue of the acyclic purine nucleoside, which has a highly selective effect on herpes viruses. In viral thymidine kinase-infected cells, phosphorylation occurs and subsequent sequential transformation of acyclovir into mono-, di- and triphosphate. Acyclovir triphosphate integrates into the chain of viral DNA and blocks its synthesis through competitive inhibition of viral DNA polymerase.

Acyclovir is therapeutically and prophylactically effective, especially for viral infections caused by Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. It prevents the formation of new elements of the rash, reduces the likelihood of skin dissemination and visceral complications, accelerates the formation of crusts, and reduces pain in the acute phase of herpes zoster.

Indications to use summary:

Acyclovir is effective against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2; Varicella zoster virus, which causes chickenpox and shingles; higher concentrations are required for the inhibition of the Epstein-Barr virus. Moderately active against cytomegalovirus.

Symbicort

Symbicort is an anti-asthmatic medicine. The drug contains formoterol and budesonide, which have different mechanisms of action and exhibit an additive effect with respect to reducing the frequency of exacerbations of bronchial asthma. After inhalation in recommended doses, budesonide has an anti-inflammatory effect on the bronchi, reducing the severity of symptoms and the frequency of exacerbations of bronchial asthma. Symbicort educes the severity of edema of the bronchial mucosa, mucus production, sputum formation and respiratory tract hyperresponsiveness. Formoterol is a selective beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist. The bronchodilator effect is dose-dependent, occurs within 1-3 minutes after inhalation and persists for at least 12 hours after taking a single dose.

Indications to use summary:

Bronchial asthma (insufficiently controlled by the use of inhaled corticosteroids and short-acting beta2-adrenergic agonists as therapy on demand, or adequately controlled by the use of inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonists). Symbicort can be used as maintenance therapy, for relieving seizures and COPD.

Saxenda

The active substance of Saxenda is liraglutide which reduces a person’s body weight primarily by decreasing adipose tissue mass. Weight loss occurs by reducing food intake. Liraglutide does not increase 24-hour energy consumption. Liraglutide regulates appetite by enhancing the feeling of fullness of the stomach and satiety, while weakening the feeling of hunger and reducing the expected consumption of food. Liraglutide stimulates insulin secretion and reduces the unreasonably high secretion of glucagon in a glucose-dependent manner, and also improves pancreatic beta cell function, which leads to a decrease in fasting glucose concentration after eating. The mechanism for lowering glucose concentration also includes a slight delay in gastric emptying.

Indications to use summary:

In long-term clinical trials involving patients with overweight or obesity, the use of Saxenda in combination with a low-calorie diet and increased physical activity led to a significant decrease in body weight. The medicine affects appetite, calorie intake, energy expenditure, gastric emptying, and fasting and postprandial glucose concentrations.

Synthroid

Synthroid is a thyroid medicine that replaces the hormone normally produced by thyroid gland to regulate body’s energy and metabolism. It is prescribed when the thyroid gland does not produce enough of this hormone on its own. Synthroid should not be used to treat obesity or weight problems. Dangerous side-effects or death can occur due to improper use of levothyroxine (active agent), especially if you are taking any other medicines to reduce weight or suppress appetite. Since thyroid hormone is found naturally in the body, almost everyone can take Synthroid. However, you may not be able to take this medicine if you have certain medical conditions.

Indications to use summary:

Synthroid treats hypothyroidism (low thyroid hormone). Synthroid is also used to treat or prevent goiter (an enlarged thyroid gland) which can be caused by hormonal imbalances, radiation therapy, surgery or cancer.

Proscar

Proscar prevents the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in the body. DHT is involved in the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Proscar can be used alone or in combination with other medicines to reduce symptoms of prostate adenoma. This drug can improve the symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia and provides benefits such as reducing urination, making urination easier, removing the feeling that bladder is not completely empty, and decreasing nighttime urination. Proscar is not approved for the prevention of prostate cancer. Taking it with the aforementioned disease may slightly increase the risk of developing a very serious form of prostate cancer. A doctor needs to conduct the necessary medical tests to make sure that you do not have conditions that could interfere with your safe use of Proscar. The drug is prohibited to women and children.

Indications to use summary:

Proscar is used to treat symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia in men with an enlarged prostate gland.

Crestor

This is a hypolipidemic drug, a selective competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase. Crestor lowers elevated concentrations of LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides, increases the concentration of high-density cholesterol lipoproteins, reduces the concentration of apolipoprotein B, non-HDL cholesterol and increases the concentration of apolipoprotein AI, and decreases the ratio of LDL-C / HDL-HDL, total cholesterol / HDL-C and HDL-C / HDL-C and ApoB / ApoA-1 ratio. The therapeutic effect develops within one week after starting therapy with Crestor; after 2 weeks of treatment reaches 90% of the maximum possible effect. The maximum therapeutic effect is usually achieved by the fourth week of therapy and is maintained with regular use of the drug.

Indications to use summary:

Crestor is effective in adult patients with hypercholesterolemia with or without hypertriglyceridemia, incl. in patients with diabetes mellitus and familial hypercholesterolemia.

Propecia

Propecia is an effective new generation remedy for the treatment of male pattern baldness. When taking this drug, the growth of new hair is stimulated, the loss of hair decreases, in general, the quality of the hair improves – it becomes thicker, stronger, more attractive, the color is saturated. One tablet should be taken daily. Visible effect is achieved after 5-6 months of taking the drug. Propecia neutralizes the action of enzyme responsible for converting testosterone to its active form. Finasteride leads to a decrease in the dihydrotestosterone level in the blood and the preservation of a significant part of the hair. The drug slows hair loss in 85% of patients taking pills. The use of the drug for at least a year leads to the formation of new hair in half of patients with baldness. When receiving medication for 2 years, this figure increases to 55% of men suffering from alopecia.

Indications to use summary:

Propecia is indicative in case of male pattern baldness and alopecia.

Avodart

Avodart is a drug used for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Its active substance, dutasteride is a dual 5?-reductase inhibitor. It inhibits the activity of 5?-reductase isoenzymes of types 1 and 2, which are responsible for the conversion of testosterone to 5?-dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Dihydrotestosterone is the main androgen responsible for hyperplasia of the glandular tissue of the prostate gland. The maximum effect of dutasteride on the decrease in DHT concentrations is dose-dependent and is observed 1-2 weeks after the start of treatment.

Indications to use summary:

Monotherapy for the treatment and prevention of the progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia by reducing its size, alleviating symptoms, improving urination, reducing the risk of acute urinary retention and the need for surgical intervention.
A combination therapy with alpha1-blockers for the treatment and prevention of the progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia by reducing its size, alleviating symptoms, improving urination, reducing the risk of acute urinary retention and the need for surgical intervention.

Lumigan

Lumigan eye drops are used in two different areas of medicine:

Ophthalmology

Lumigan’s main purpose is the treatment of glaucoma, a serious eye disease from which millions of people, mainly the elderly, are suffering throughout the world. Glaucoma is a persistent increase in intraocular pressure.

Cosmetology

In the process of using the drops, another effect of them suddenly appeared. It turned out that in patients using Lumigan, eyelashes began to grow intensely. After about 3-4 weeks, they become noticeably longer, darker and denser.

Indications to use summary:

For conservative treatment of glaucoma, a doctor may prescribe Lumigan, the active ingredient of which is bimatoprost. In the eye, special eye fluid is constantly produced and excreted, which needs to be lubricated and cleanse eyes. If for some reason, fluid cannot escape, intraocular pressure rises, which adversely affects the condition of an optic nerve. As a result of its damage, problems with vision arise, up to its complete loss. Lumigan drops should be used on the recommendation of a doctor to normalize fluid outflow.

Zantac

Zantac belongs to a group of drugs called H2-histamine receptor blockers. It is used to reduce the amount of acid stomach produces, to treat and prevent ulcers in the stomach and intestines. Zantac is also applied when stomach produces too much acid – the so-called Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. With the help of Zantac, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and other gastric illnesses are also treated in which the acid enters stomach from the esophagus causing heartburn. The use of Zantac increases the risk of developing pneumonia. The symptoms of pneumonia are characterized by chest pain, fever, shortness of breath, and coughing with green or yellow sputum (mucus). You should consult your healthcare provider about the possible risk of developing pneumonia.

Indications to use summary:

Zantac successfully prevents ulcer in stomach and intestines, treats Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and relieves gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Zolpidem

This is a hypnotic drug belonging to the group of imidazopyridines. It has a sedative slightly pronounced anxiolytic anticonvulsant and central muscle relaxant effect. Zolpidem excites benzodiazepine receptors (omega) in the alpha subunit of GABA receptor complexes localized in the region of the IV plate of the sensory-motor zones of the cortex, reticular sections of the substantia nigra, visual tubercles of the ventral thalamic complex, bridge, pale ball, etc. Interaction with omega receptors leads to the discovery of neuronal ionoform channels for Cl-. Zolpidem shortens the time of falling asleep, reduces the number of night awakenings, increases the duration of sleep and improves its quality. The drug extends the II stage of sleep and the stage of deep sleep (III-IV).

Indications to use summary:

Sleep disturbances: difficulty falling asleep, early and night awakenings

Zovirax

This is an antiviral drug for external and local use. Acyclovir is its active against Herpes simplex types 1 and 2, Varicella zoster virus, Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegaloviruses. The thymidine kinase of virus-infected cells through a series of sequential reactions actively converts acyclovir into acyclovir mono-, di- and triphosphate. The latter interacts with viral DNA polymerase and integrates into DNA, which is synthesized for new viruses. Thus, “defective” viral DNA is formed, which leads to suppression of replication of new generations of viruses. The drug is recommended to be applied 5 times per day (approximately every 4 hours) with a thin layer on the affected and adjacent areas of the skin and mucous membranes. The duration of treatment is at least 4 days.

Indications to use summary:

Zovirax is indicative in case of Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 infections of the skin and mucous membranes, including herpes lips.

Flomax

Flomax (active substance tamsulosin) is used to improve urination in men suffering from benign prostatic hyperplasia (enlarged prostate). Flomax is an alpha-blocker drug that relaxes muscles of the prostate and neck of the bladder, which in turn improves (facilitates) urination. The mechanism of action of the drug is manifested in a gradual decrease in tension in the area of ??smooth muscles of the prostate gland, as well as in relaxation of the neck of the bladder. Flomax helps urine flow more freely and makes it possible to empty the bladder in full. The drug does not contribute to the treatment of prostate gland. Therefore, although the problem symptoms characteristic of the disease described above may go away when taking the drug, prostate surgery may be required in the future, in cases where the prostate gland continues to increase. Flomax is available only by prescription.

Indications to use summary:

Alleviation of benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms.

Zetia

Zetia reduces the amount of cholesterol absorbed by the body. It is used to treat high cholesterol and is sometimes given with other medicines that lower cholesterol. Zetia is only part of a complete treatment program that also includes diet, exercise and weight control. A patient should watch his diet, medications and exercises very carefully. Some cholesterol preparations should not be taken at the same time. Once Zetia is administered with another cholesterol medicine, doctor’s instructions should be carefully followed. Zetia is contraindicative in case of moderate or severe liver disease. Ezetimibe is not to be applied with the statin cholesterol if you in case of active liver disease, pregnancy or breastfeeding.

Indications to use summary:

The drug is indicated for use in the following diseases:

primary hypercholesterolemia;
homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia;
homozygous sitosterolemia (phytosterolemia);
homozygous familial sitosterolemia.

Xarelto

Xarelto is a direct-acting anticoagulant. This means that it inhibits platelet activation, and therefore it is prescribed when treatment and prevention of thrombosis, thromboembolism, and myocardial infarction are necessary. A doctor may prescribe Xarelto after diagnosis and exclusion of contraindications, the list of which is impressive.

Indications to use summary:

prevention from mortality due to cardiovascular diseases and myocardial infarction in patients after acute coronary syndrome (ACS), accompanied by an increase in cardio specific biomarkers;
prevention from venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with extensive orthopedic surgery on the legs;
treatment and prevention from recurrence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (pulmonary embolism);
prevention from systemic thromboembolism and stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation.

Xenical

Xenical is a powerful, specific and reversible inhibitor of gastrointestinal lipases with a long-lasting effect. Its therapeutic effect is carried out in the lumen of stomach and small intestine and consists in the formation of a covalent bond with the active serine region of the gastric and pancreatic lipases. In this case, an inactivated enzyme loses its ability to break down food fats in the form of triglycerides into absorbable free fatty acids and monoglycerides. Since undigested triglycerides are not absorbed, a resulting decrease in calorie intake leads to a decrease in body weight. Thus, the therapeutic effect of the drug is carried out without absorption into the systemic circulation.

Indications to use summary:

Long-term therapy for patients with obesity or overweight patients, including those having risk factors associated with obesity in combination with a moderately hypocaloric diet. Xenical is also taken along with hypoglycemic drugs (metformin, sulfonylurea derivatives and/or insulin) or a moderately hypocaloric diet in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with overweight or obesity.

Chantix

For patients who are sure they cannot or do not want to quit smoking all at once, it is recommended quitting smoking with Chantix. Patients should start their dosage and reduce smoking by 50% from baseline in the first four weeks, an additional 50% in the next four weeks, and continue to reduce in order to achieve complete abstinence by 12 weeks. Smoking cessation therapy is more likely to be successful for patients who are motivated to quit smoking and who are given additional advice and support. A patient must set a date to quit smoking. It is advised to start treatment with Chantix a week before this date. In addition, a patient can start the drug administration and then quit smoking between 8 and 35 days of treatment.

Indications to use summary:

Patients who are motivated to quit smoking or those who were unable to quit smoking, it should be advised to try Chantix.

Celebrex

Celebrex belongs to a group of medicines called non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors (COX-2). In human organism, substances called prostaglandins are synthesized. Some prostaglandins are responsible for the development of pain and swelling, while others help protect the gastric mucosa. Celebrex reduces the content of prostaglandins that cause pain and the development of edema, and does not affect the content of prostaglandins that protect the gastric mucosa.

Indications to use summary:

Symptomatic therapy for osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Relief of symptoms of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in patients aged 2 years and older with a body weight equal to or greater than 10 kg.
Treatment of symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis.
Acute pain treatment.
Treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.

Cipro

Cipro is a synthetic fluoroquinolone with bactericidal properties. The drug suppresses DNA gyrase and inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis. It acts bactericidal on gram-negative microorganisms during dormancy and division, on gram-positive microorganisms – only during the division. Against the background of taking the drug, there is no parallel development of resistance to other antibiotics that do not belong to the group of gyrase inhibitors, which makes it highly effective against bacteria resistant to aminoglycosides, penicillins, cephalosporins, tetracyclines and other antibiotics.

Indications to use summary:

respiratory tract infections;
ENT infections;
kidney and urinary tract infections;
gynecological infections (including adnexitis);
infections of the digestive system (including oral cavity, teeth);
gallbladder and biliary tract infections;
infections of the skin, mucous membranes and soft tissues-
musculoskeletal infections;
sepsis and peritonitis;
prevention and treatment of infections in immunocompromised

Ventolin

Ventolin is a metered-dose aerosol for inhalation contains 100 mg of salbutamol (in the form of salbutamol sulfate) in a single dose. It is a selective agonist of b2-adrenergic receptors. In therapeutic doses, it acts on the b2-adrenergic receptors of the smooth muscles of the bronchi, with little or no effect on the b1-adrenergic receptors of the myocardium.

Indications to use summary:

bronchial asthma;
stopping attacks of bronchial asthma, including with exacerbation of severe bronchial asthma;
prevention of attacks of bronchospasm associated with exposure to an allergen or caused by physical exertion;
use as one of the components for long-term maintenance therapy of bronchial asthma;
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), accompanied by reversible airway obstruction, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema.

Viagra

The drug is a sexual stimulant. Viagra’s active agent, sildenafil, is a potent selective inhibitor of cGMP-specific type 5 phosphodiesterase (PDE5). The implementation of the physiological mechanism of erection is associated with the release of nitric oxide (NO) in the cavernous body during sexual stimulation. This, in turn, leads to an increase in cGMP level, subsequent relaxation of the smooth muscle tissue of the cavernous body and an increase in blood flow. Sildenafil does not have a direct relaxing effect on an isolated cavernous body in humans, but enhances the effect of nitrogen oxide by inhibiting PDE5, which is responsible for the breakdown of cGMP. A prerequisite for the effectiveness of sildenafil is sexual stimulation.

Indications to use summary:

Erectile dysfunction of various etiologies (organic, psychogenic, mixed). Single dose for adults is 50 mg once a day. Given the effectiveness and tolerability, the dose can be increased to 100 mg or reduced to 25 mg. Maximum single dose is 100 mg.

Cialis

Cialis is used for improving erectile function and treatment of erectile dysfunction. It is a reversible selective inhibitor of specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) cGMP. When sexual arousal causes local release of nitric oxide, inhibition of PDE5 by tadalafil (active agent) leads to an increase in the level of cGMP in the cavernous body of a penis. The consequence of this is relaxation of the smooth muscles of the arteries and blood flow to the tissues of the penis, which causes an erection. Cialis has no effect in the absence of sexual stimulation. The drug is taken orally, regardless of food intake, at least 16 minutes before the alleged sexual activity. The recommended maximum dose of the drug is 20 mg. The maximum recommended frequency of administration is 1 time per day.

Indications to use summary:

Cialis treats erectile function of various etiologies being the champion among its analogues in absence of side-effects and duration of action.

Levitra

Levitra promotes penile erection which in fact is a hemodynamic process and is based on the relaxation of the smooth muscles of cavernous bodies and arterioles located in it. During sexual stimulation, nitrogen oxide (N0) is released from the nerve endings of the cavernous bodies activating the guanylate cyclase enzyme, which leads to an increase in cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in the cavernous bodies. As a result, the smooth muscles of the cavernous bodies relax, which contributes to an increase in blood flow to the penis. By blocking the fifth type of specific phosphodiesterase (PDE5) involved in the breakdown of cGMP, Levitra thereby enhances the local action of endogenous nitric oxide (N0) in the cavernous bodies during sexual stimulation. This effect determines the ability of Levitra to enhance the response to sexual stimulation.

Indications to use summary:

Levitra is used for erectile dysfunction (inability to achieve and maintain an erection necessary for sexual intercourse).

Priligy

Priligy is an effective treatment of premature ejaculation in men and prolongs the duration of sexual intercourse from a leading Italian manufacturer. Using the drug normalizes the work of male sexual function, and the active substance (dapoxetine) normalizes the reflex function of ejaculation. The composition of the drug includes the active substance dapoxetine in dosages of 30 or 60 mg (depending on the form of release) and excipients (film coating): monocrystalline cellulose, lactose monohydrate, silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate. The principle of action of Priligy on premature ejaculation is associated with the mechanism of inhibition and capture of serotonin by neurons during the effect on receptors.

Indications to use summary:

The drug is intended only for men with premature ejaculation. The safety of the drug in men without premature ejaculation has not been established, there is no data on the delay of ejaculation.

Spiriva

Spiriva is a blocker of long-acting m-cholinergic receptors. It has the same affinity for different subtypes of muscarinic receptors from M1 to M5. As a result of inhibition of M3 receptors in the respiratory tract, smooth muscles are relaxed. The bronchodilating effect is dose-dependent and lasts at least 24 hours. A significant duration of action is probably associated with a very slow release from the connection with the M3 receptors, compared with ipratropium bromide. When inhaled, tiotropium bromide, as an anticholinergic agent of the N-Quaternary structure, has a local selective effect, while at therapeutic doses it does not cause systemic anticholinergic side effects. The release of tiotropium bromide from the bond with M2 receptors occurs faster than from the bond with M3 receptors. High affinity for the receptors and slow release from communication with them cause an intense and prolonged bronchodilating effect in patients with COPD.

Indications to use summary:

Spiriva is indicated as maintenance therapy in patients with COPD, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema (maintenance therapy for persistent dyspnea and to prevent exacerbations).

Stendra

In 2012, the latest remedy to struggle against potency impairment was Stendra. From other drugs with a similar principle of action, it is distinguished by the speed of the onset of the effect and a minimum of side effects. Let’s understand the details, features of the application, other important, useful information. Sexual dysfunction is effectively corrected regardless of whether its cause is psychogenic or physiological. Functionally, the process of erection consists in rapidly filling the voids of cavernous body of penis with a blood stream, due to which it acquires a large size and density sufficient to effect sexual contact. Normally, an erect state lasts while a man experiences excitement. After administration, the drug is rapidly absorbed and begins to show its effect on average after 20-30 minutes, subject to sexual arousal. The recommended starting dose is 50 milligrams.

Indications to use summary:

Erectile disorders, complete absence of an erection or the inability to fully retain an erected penis.

Caverta

Caverta is a sildenafil-based drug. It allows men with erectile dysfunction to achieve a state of rigidity of penis. The principle of its action is simple: when a man experiences excitement under the influence of the drug, the vessels of the pelvis and genitals relax and expand, allowing more blood to flow to them. As the arteries expand and harden, the veins that carry blood from the male genital organs contract limiting the outflow of blood from them. It provides a state of hardness of penis for a certain time.

Indications to use summary:

Erectile dysfunction which is manifested in the following way: penis just does not fill up with blood properly, no matter how strong the excitement, and erection does not occur.